Git Cheatsheet

Commands - Git Basics

$ git --version                           // Displays version of Git installed
$ git init                                // Initialize the current folder as a git repository
$ git init <directory>                    // Initialize the directory specified as a git repository
$ git clone <repo-url/path>               // Clone an existing remote repo or local repo onto local machine
$ git status                              // List which files are staged, unstaged and untracked
$ git add <directory>                     // Stage all changes in directory for the next commit
$ git commit -m "<message>"               // Commit the staged snapshot with <message> as commit message
$ git commit --amend                      // Update last commit message
$ git log                                 // Display the entire commit history using default format. (customize)
$ git diff                                // Show unstaged changes between your index and working directory.
$ git diff HEAD                           // Show difference between working directory and last commit
$ git diff --cached                       // Show difference between staged changes and last commit

Commands - Undoing Changes

$ git revert <commit>        // Create new commit that undoes all of the changes made in <commit>, then apply
$ git reset                  // Reset staging area to match most recent commit, but leave code unchanged
$ git reset <file>           // Remove <file> from staging area
$ git reset --hard           // Reset staging area and working directory
$ git reset <commit>         // Move current branch tip backward to <commit>, reset staging area but NOT local code
$ git reset --hard <commit>  // Move current branch tip backward to <commit>, reset staging area as well as local code
$ git clean -n               // ------- read more

Commands - Git Branches

$ git branch                  // List all of the branches in your repo
$ git checkout <branch>       // Checkout an existing branch named <branch>
$ git checkout -b <branch>    // Create and checkout a new branch named <branch>
$ git merge <branch>          // Merge <branch> into current branch

Commands - Remote Repositories

$ git remote add <name> <url>        // Create a new connection to remote repo. <name> is shortcut for <url>
$ git remote set-url <name> <url>    // Update the remote repo url to <url> with shortcut <name>
$ git fetch <remote> <branch>        // Fetches a specific <branch> from the remote repo.
$ git pull <remote>                  // Fetch the specified remote's copy of current branch and merge into local copy
$ git push <remote> <branch>         // Push the <branch> to <remote>, along with necessary commits and objects.
                                     // Creates named branch in remote if doesn't exist

Note

$ git add .                        // Will only add new files and modified files to the index to be committed
$ git add -A                       // Will do everything + also schedule removed files for deletion

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Last update: February 16, 2023